Mexico and the United States have signed their first joint action plan on critical minerals trade, marking a step toward closer economic coordination as both countries prepare for the 2026 review of the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA). The agreement was formalized during a high-level meeting in Washington between Mexico’s Economy Secretary Marcelo Ebrard and US Trade Representative Jamieson Greer.
The plan focuses on identifying critical minerals of mutual interest—such as lithium, aluminum, and zinc—and exploring mechanisms for minimum import pricing across the shared border. These materials are essential inputs for semiconductors, advanced batteries, and other strategic technologies considered vital to national security and economic competitiveness, particularly in the United States.
Greer described the agreement as an important step in strengthening bilateral ties and addressing global market distortions that have left North American supply chains vulnerable to disruption. The initiative is framed within broader efforts to reduce dependence on external suppliers, especially China, which continues to dominate global processing of critical minerals.
This agreement is a step toward reducing North America’s exposure to global supply shocks.
The announcement coincided with a US-led ministerial summit on critical minerals held in Washington. The event brought together representatives from 55 countries, including Mexico’s Foreign Minister Juan Ramón de la Fuente. During the summit, US Vice President JD Vance proposed the creation of a global trade bloc focused on critical minerals as a counterweight to China’s market dominance.
While the joint action plan signals growing alignment between Mexico and the United States on resource strategy, its operational details remain limited. The agreement does not include binding commitments or implementation timelines. Moreover, Mexico’s complex regulatory and environmental frameworks for mining may present challenges to rapid execution.
Still, the timing of the initiative suggests strategic intent. With the USMCA scheduled for review in 2026, both governments appear keen to demonstrate progress on regional economic integration. Strengthening supply chain resilience through coordinated mineral policy could become a key pillar in upcoming trade negotiations.
“This agreement is a step toward reducing North America’s exposure to global supply shocks,” said Greer during the announcement. The plan may also serve as a platform for future cooperation on industrial policy and cross-border investment in mining and processing infrastructure.
